Antidiuretic hormone blood test

定义

Antidiuretic blood test measures the level of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in blood.

选择的名字

Arginine vasopressin; Antidiuretic hormone; AVP; Vasopressin

如何执行测试

A 需要血液样本.

How to Prepare for the Test

Talk to your health care provider about your medicines before the test. Many medicines can affect ADH level, including:

• 酒精
• 利尿剂(水丸)
• 降压药
• 胰岛素
• Medicines for mental disorders
• 尼古丁
• 类固醇

考试的感觉如何

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or slight bruising. 这很快就会消失.

为什么要进行测试

ADH is a hormone that is produced in a part of the brain called the 下丘脑. It is then stored and released from the pituitary, a small gland at the base of the brain. ADH acts on the kidneys to control the amount of water excreted in the urine.

ADH blood test is ordered when your provider suspects you have a disorder that affects your ADH level such as:

• Buildup of fluids in your body that are causing swelling or puffiness (水肿)
• 尿量过多
• Low sodium (salt) level in your blood
• Thirst that is intense or uncontrollable

Certain diseases affect the normal release of ADH. The blood level of ADH must be tested to determine the cause of the disease. ADH may be measured as part of a water restriction test to find the cause of a disease.

正常的结果

Normal values for ADH can range from 0 to 5.9 pg/mL (0 ~ 5.4 pmol / L).

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or may test different specimens. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

Most laboratories cannot run this test. Only very specialized laboratories can perform the assay correctly.

Serum co-peptin is now commonly used as a substitute for measuring ADH.

异常结果意味着什么

A higher-than-normal level may occur when too much ADH is released, either from the brain where it is made or from somewhere else in the body. 这叫做 syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH).

SIADH的病因包括:

• 脑损伤或外伤
• 脑部肿瘤
• Fluid imbalance after surgery
• 脑部感染 or the tissue that surrounds the brain
• 肺部感染
• Certain medicines, such as some seizure medicines, pain medicines, and antidepressants
• Small cell carcinoma lung cancer
• 中风

A higher-than-normal level of ADH may be found in people with heart failure, 肝衰竭, or some kind of kidney disease.

A lower-than-normal level may indicate:

• Damage to the 下丘脑 or pituitary gland
• 中枢性尿崩症 (a condition in which the kidneys are not able to conserve water)
• 过度口渴(烦渴)
• Too much fluid in the blood vessels (volume overload)

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another, and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• 大出血
• 晕倒 或者感到头晕
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• 血肿 (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

Frasier LL, Keating JJ, Shiroff AM. Endocrine responses in critically ill and trauma patients. In: Shifrin AL, ed. 内分泌紧急情况. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 25.

Guber HA, Oprea M, Russell YX. Evaluation of endocrine function. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2022:chap 25.

Oh MS, Briefel G, Pincus MR. Evaluation of renal function, water, electrolytes, and acid-base balance. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2022:chap 15.