颈椎CT扫描

定义

A computed tomography (CT) scan of the cervical spine makes cross-sectional pictures of the neck. 它使用x射线来产生图像.

选择的名字

CAT scan of cervical spine; Computed axial tomography scan of cervical spine; Computed tomography scan of cervical spine; CT扫描 of cervical spine; Neck CT扫描

如何执行测试

You will lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT扫描ner.

Once you are inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you. Modern "spiral" scanners can perform the exam without stopping.

A computer creates separate images of the body area, called slices. These images can be stored, viewed on a monitor, or printed on film. Three-dimensional models of the cervical spine can be created by adding the slices together.

考试时你必须保持安静. 移动会导致图像模糊. You may need to hold your breath for short periods of time.

扫描时间为10 ~ 15分钟.

如何准备考试

Some exams use a special dye, called contrast that is put into your body before the test starts. Contrast helps certain areas show up better on the x射线.

Contrast can be given in different ways:

• It may be given through a vein (IV) in your hand or forearm.
• It may be given as an injection into the space around the spinal cord.

如果使用对比, you may also be asked not to eat or drink anything for 4 to 6 hours before the test.

Let your health care provider know if you have ever had a reaction to contrast. You may need to take medicines before the test to avoid this problem.

在做对比之前, tell your provider if you take the 糖尿病 medicine metformin (Glucophage). You may need to take extra steps before the test if you take this drug.

Too much weight can cause damage to the scanner's working parts. Find out if the CT machine has a weight limit if you weigh more than 300 pounds (135 kilograms).

You will wear a hospital gown during the study. You will need to take off all jewelry as metal can affect the CT images.

考试的感觉如何

Some people may have discomfort from lying on the hard table.

Contrast given through an IV may cause a slight burning feeling, 嘴里有金属的味道, 还有温暖的身体潮红. These feelings are normal and go away in a few seconds.

为什么要进行测试

CT makes detailed pictures of the body very quickly. 该测试可以帮助寻找:

• 颈椎先天缺陷 in children
• 脊柱问题，当一个 脊柱MRI 不能使用
• 脊椎上部受伤
• 骨肿瘤或癌症
• 脊椎骨的骨折
• 盘突出 以及脊髓的压迫
• Healing problems or scar tissue following surgery

正常的结果

Results are considered normal if the cervical spine looks OK.

异常结果意味着什么

异常结果可能是由于:

• 由于年龄的增长而发生的退行性变化
• 颈椎先天缺陷
• 骨的问题
• 骨折
• 骨关节炎
• 盘突出
• Healing problems or growth of scar tissue after surgery
• Deformity from previous surgery or injuries

风险

CT扫描的风险包括:

• 暴露在辐射中
• 对造影剂过敏
• 如果在怀孕期间造成先天缺陷

CT扫描s expose you to more radiation than regular x射线. 有许多 x射线 or CT扫描s over time may raise your risk for cancer, but the risk from any one scan is small. Talk to your provider about this risk and how it weighs against the benefits of the test.

Some people have allergies to contrast dye. Let your provider know if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye.

• The most common type of contrast given into a vein contains iodine. If a person with an iodine allergy is given this type of contrast, 恶心或呕吐, 打喷嚏, 瘙痒, or 荨麻疹 可能发生.
• 如果你一定要有这种对比, you may get antihistamines (such as Benadryl) or steroids before the test.
• The kidneys help remove iodine out of the body. 有肾脏疾病的人 糖尿病 may need to get extra fluids after the test to help flush the iodine out of the body.

Rarely, the dye may cause a life-threatening allergic response called 速发型过敏反应. If you have any trouble breathing during the test, you should notify the scanner operator immediately. Scanners come with an intercom and speakers, so the operator can hear you at all times.

参考文献

Kapoor G, tom AP. Current status of imaging of the musculoskeletal system. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & 艾利森诊断放射学. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 38.

Shimer AL, Aghdasi B. Traumatic injuries of the cervical spine in the athlete. 见:米勒博士，汤普森博士，编辑. 口腔、Drez& 米勒的骨科运动医学. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 128.

威廉姆斯KD. 骨折s, dislocations, and fracture-dislocations of the spine. In: Azar FM, Beaty JH，编辑. 坎贝尔整形外科. 14日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 41.