Cologuard

定义

Cologuard is a screening test for 结肠癌和直肠癌.

The colon sheds cells from its lining every day. These cells pass with the stool through the colon. 结肠癌 cells may have DNA changes in certain genes. Cologuard检测改变的DNA. The presence of abnormal cells or blood in the stool may indicate cancer or precancer tumors.

选择的名字

Cologuard; 结肠癌筛查 - Cologuard; Stool DNA test - Cologuard; FIT-DNA stool test; Colon precancer screening - Cologuard

如何执行测试

colcolguard测试套件 结肠癌和直肠癌 必须由您的医疗保健提供者订购吗. 它将邮寄到你的地址. You collect the sample at home and send it back to the lab for testing.

The Cologuard testing kit will contain a sample container, 一根管子, 保存液, 标签, and instructions on how to collect the sample. 当你准备好排便时, use the Cologuard testing kit to collect your stool sample.

Read the instructions that come with the testing kit carefully. Wait until you are ready to have a bowel movement. Collect the sample only when it is possible to ship it within 24 hours. The sample must reach the lab in 72 hours (3 days).

如果出现以下情况，请勿采集样品:

• 你有 腹泻.
• 你来月经了.
• 你直肠出血是因为 痔疮.

按照以下步骤收集样品:

• Read all instructions that come with the kit.
• Use the brackets provided with the testing kit to fix the sample container on your toilet seat.
• Use the toilet as usual for your bowel movement.
• Try not to let urine get into the sample container.
• Do not put toilet paper into the sample container.
• 一旦你的排便结束, remove the sample container from the brackets and keep it on a flat surface.
• Follow instructions to collect a little sample in the tube provided with the testing kit.
• Pour the 保存液 in the sample container and close the lid tightly.
• Label the tubes and the sample container according to the instructions, and place them in the box.
• Store the box at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat.
• Ship the box within 24 hours to the lab using the label provided.

The results of the test will be sent to your provider in two weeks.

如何准备考试

The Cologuard test does not require any preparation. You do not need to change your diet or medicines before the test.

考试的感觉如何

The test requires you to have a normal bowel movement. It will not feel any different from your regular bowel movements. You can collect the sample at your home privately.

为什么要进行测试

这个测试是为了 筛查结肠癌和直肠癌 and abnormal growths (polyps) in the colon or rectum.

Your provider may suggest Cologuard testing once every 1 to 3 years starting at age 45 years. The test is recommended if you are age 45 to 75 years and have an average risk of colon cancer. 这意味着你没有:

• Personal history of colon polyps and colon cancer
• 有结肠癌家族史
• 炎症性肠病(克罗恩病, 溃疡性结肠炎)

正常的结果

The normal result (negative result) will indicate that:

• The test did not detect blood cells or altered DNA in your stool.
• You do not need further testing for colon cancer if you have an average risk of colon or rectal cancer.

异常结果意味着什么

Abnormal result (positive result) suggests that the test found some pre-cancer or cancer cells in your stool sample. However, the Cologuard test does not diagnose cancer. You will need further tests to make a diagnosis of cancer. 您的提供者可能会建议 结肠镜检查.

风险

There is no risk involved in taking the sample for Cologuard test.

筛选测试有以下小风险:

• False-positives (your test results are abnormal, but you do NOT have colon cancer or pre-malignant polyps)
• False-negatives (your test is normal, even when you have colon cancer)

注意事项

It is unclear yet whether the use of Cologuard will lead to better outcomes compared with other methods used to 筛查结肠癌和直肠癌.

参考文献

Bresalier RS. 结肠直肠癌. 见:Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ编. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 127.

Eckmann JD, Ebner DW, Bering J，等编. Multitarget stool DNA screening in clinical practice: high positive predictive value for colorectal neoplasia regardless of exposure to previous 结肠镜检查. 我是胃肠醇吗. 2020;115(4):608-615. PMID: 32068535. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.国家卫生研究院.gov / 32068535 /.

NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN Guidelines) colon cancer, version 2.2023. www.会发现.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon.pdf. 2023年8月29日通过.

US Preventive Services Task Force, Davidson KW, Barry MJ, et al. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. 《十大赌博平台排行榜》. 2021;325(19):1965-1977. PMID: 34003218 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.国家卫生研究院.gov / 34003218 /.