CT angiography - abdomen and pelvis

Definition

CT血管造影结合了CT扫描和注射染料. 这项技术能够创建血管在你的腹部(腹部)或骨盆区域的图片. CT stands for computed tomography.

Alternative Names

Computed tomography angiography - abdomen and pelvis; CTA - abdomen and pelvis; Renal artery - CTA; Aortic - CTA; Mesenteric CTA; PAD - CTA; PVD - CTA; Peripheral vascular disease - CTA; Peripheral artery disease; CTA; Claudication - CTA

How the Test is Performed

你将躺在一张狭窄的桌子上，这张桌子滑入CT扫描仪的中心. 大多数情况下，你会仰卧，双臂举过头顶.

一旦你进入扫描仪，机器的x射线束就会围绕你旋转. 现代“螺旋”扫描仪可以不间断地进行检查.

计算机会生成腹部区域的单独图像，称为切片. 这些图像可以存储，在显示器上观看，或打印在胶片上. 通过将切片堆叠在一起，可以制作出腹部区域的三维模型.

考试时你必须保持不动，因为移动会使图像模糊. 你可能会被告知短时间屏住呼吸.

The scan should take less than 30 minutes.

How to Prepare for the Test

你需要在考试前注射一种叫做造影剂的特殊染料. 对比有助于某些区域在x光片上表现得更好.

• 造影剂可以通过手或前臂的静脉注射. If contrast is used, 你也可能被要求在测试前4到6小时内不要吃或喝任何东西.
• 你可能还需要在考试前喝一些不同的对比饮料. 当你喝的对比将取决于所做的检查的类型. 对比有一种白垩的味道，尽管有些有味道，所以他们尝起来更好. 对比度会通过你的粪便排出体外.
• 让你的医疗保健提供者知道你是否曾经对对比有过反应. 您可能需要在测试前服用药物，以便安全地接受该物质.
• Before receiving the contrast, 如果您正在服用糖尿病药物二甲双胍(Glucophage)，请告知您的十大赌博平台排行榜. 服用此药的人可能要在测试前停药一段时间.

对比剂会加重肾功能不佳患者的肾功能问题. 如果你有肾脏问题的历史，和你的十大赌博平台排行榜谈谈.

Too much weight can damage the scanner. If you weigh more than 300 pounds (135 kilograms), 在测试前和你的十大赌博平台排行榜谈谈体重限制.

在研究期间，您需要摘掉您的首饰并穿上病号服.

How the Test will Feel

躺在硬桌子上可能会有点不舒服.

If you have contrast through a vein, you may have a:

• Slight burning sensation
• Metallic taste in your mouth
• Warm flushing of your body

这些感觉是正常的，几秒钟内就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

CT血管造影扫描可以快速绘制出腹部或骨盆内血管的详细图像.

This test may be used to look for:

• 动脉瘤部分动脉(动脉瘤)异常扩张或膨胀
• The source of bleeding that starts in the intestines or elsewhere in the belly or pelvis
• 腹部或骨盆的肿块和肿瘤，包括癌症，在需要时帮助计划治疗
• 腹部疼痛的原因，被认为是由于一个或多个胃的狭窄或堵塞 arteries that supply the small and large intestines
• Pain in the legs thought to be due to 供应腿和脚的血管变窄
• High blood pressure due to narrowing of the arteries that carry blood to the kidneys

The test also may be used before:

• Surgery on blood vessels of the liver
• Kidney transplant

Normal Results

Results are considered normal if no problems are seen.

What Abnormal Results Mean

The abnormal results may show:

• The source of bleeding inside the belly or pelvis
• Narrowing of the artery that supplies the kidneys
• Narrowing of arteries that supply the intestines
• Narrowing of arteries that supply the legs
• Ballooning or swelling of an artery (aneurysm), including the aorta
• A tear in the wall of the aorta

Risks

Risks of CT scans include:

• Allergy to contrast dye
• Exposure to radiation
• Damage to kidneys from contrast dye

CT扫描比普通的x光扫描让你暴露在更多的辐射下. 长时间进行多次x光或CT扫描可能会增加患癌症的风险. However, the risk from any one scan is small. 和你的十大赌博平台排行榜谈谈这种风险，以及对你的医疗问题进行正确诊断的测试的好处.  大多数现代扫描仪都采用了减少辐射的技术.

Some people have allergies to contrast dye. 如果你曾经对注射造影剂有过敏反应，让你的十大赌博平台排行榜知道.

最常见的静脉造影剂含有碘. If you have an iodine allergy, you may have nausea or vomiting, sneezing, itching, or hives if you get this type of contrast.

If you must be given such contrast, 十大赌博平台排行榜可能会在检查前给你开抗组胺药(如苯海拉明)或类固醇.

Your kidneys help remove iodine out of the body. 如果你有肾脏疾病或糖尿病，你可能需要额外的液体来帮助你排出体内的碘.

这种染料很少会引起危及生命的过敏反应 anaphylaxis. 如果在测试过程中呼吸有困难，请立即告诉扫描仪操作员. 扫描仪配有对讲机和扬声器，因此操作员可以随时听到您的声音.

References

Levine MS, Gore RM. Diagnostic imaging procedures in gastroenterology. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 124.

Singh MJ, Makaroun MS. Thoracic aortic aneurysms: endovascular treatment. In: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, eds. Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 80.

JL, Lewis T. 在诊断和治疗中使用图像引导干预:介入放射学. In: Herring W, ed. Learning Radiology: Recognizing the Basics. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 29.