Voiding cystourethrogram

定义

A voiding cystourethrogram is an x射线 study of the bladder and urethra. It is done while the bladder is emptying.

选择的名字

Cystourethrogram - voiding

How the Test is Performed

The test is performed in a hospital radiology department or in a health care provider's office.

You will lie on your back on the x射线 table. 一个瘦, flexible tube called a catheter will be inserted into the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body) and passed into the bladder.

Contrast dye flows through the catheter into the bladder. This dye helps the bladder show up better on x射线 images.

The x射线s are taken from various angles while the bladder is full of contrast dye. The catheter is removed so that you can urinate. Images are taken while you empty your bladder.

How to Prepare for the Test

You must sign a consent form. You will be given a gown to wear.

Remove all jewelry before the test. Inform the provider if you are:

• Allergic to any medicines
• Allergic to x射线 contrast material
• 怀孕了

How the Test will Feel

You may feel some discomfort when the catheter is placed and while your bladder is full.

Why the Test is Performed

This test may be done to diagnose the cause of urinary tract infections, especially in children who have had more than one urinary tract or bladder infection.

It is also used to diagnose and evaluate:

• Difficulty emptying the bladder
• Birth defects with the bladder or urethra
• Narrowing of the tube that carries urine out of the bladder (尿道狭窄男性)
• Urinary reflux from the bladder up into the kidney

正常的结果

The bladder and urethra will be normal in size and function.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal results may indicate the following:

• Bladder does not empty properly because of a brain or nerve problem (neurogenic bladder)
• Enlarged prostate gland
• Narrowing or scarring of the urethra
• Pouch-like sacs (diverticula) on the walls of the bladder or urethra
• 输尿管疝
• Urinary reflux nephropathy

风险

You may have some discomfort when urinating after this test because of irritation from the catheter.

You may have bladder spasms after this test, which may be a sign of an 过敏反应 to the contrast dye. Contact your provider if bothersome bladder spasms occur.

You may see blood in your urine for a couple of days after this test.

参考文献

贝拉路，桃田. Pediatric genitourinary radiology. In: Torigian DA, Ramchandani P, eds. Radiology Secrets Plus. 第四版. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 88.

老人JS. Vesicoureteral reflux. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 554.

Stanasel I, Peters CA. Ectopic ureter, ureterocele, and ureteral anomalies. In: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 41.